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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク List of space groups ： ウィキペディア英語版 List of space groups There are 230 space groups in three dimensions, given by a number index, and a full name in Hermann–Mauguin notation, and a short name (international short symbol). The long names are given with spaces for readability. The groups each have a point groups of the unit cell. == Symbols== In Hermann–Mauguin notation, space groups are named by a symbol combining the point group identifier with the uppercase letters describing the lattice type. Translations within the lattice in the form of screw axes and glide planes are also noted, giving a complete crystallographic space group. These are the Bravais lattices in three dimensions: *P primitive *I body centered (from the German "Innenzentriert") *F face centered (from the German "Flächenzentriert") *A centered on A faces only *B centered on B faces only *C centered on C faces only *R rhombohedral A reflection plane m within the point groups can be replaced by a glide plane, labeled as a, b, or c depending on which axis the glide is along. There is also the n glide, which is a glide along the half of a diagonal of a face, and the d glide, which is along a quarter of either a face or space diagonal of the unit cell. The d glide is often called the diamond glide plane as it features in the diamond structure. *$a$, $b$, or $c$ glide translation along half the lattice vector of this face *$n$ glide translation along with half a face diagonal *$d$ glide planes with translation along a quarter of a face diagonal. *$e$ two glides with the same glide plane and translation along two (different) half-lattice vectors. A gyration point can be replaced by a screw axis is noted by a number, ''n'', where the angle of rotation is $\backslash color\backslash tfrac$. The degree of translation is then added as a subscript showing how far along the axis the translation is, as a portion of the parallel lattice vector. For example, 21 is a 180° (twofold) rotation followed by a translation of ½ of the lattice vector. 31 is a 120° (threefold) rotation followed by a translation of ⅓ of the lattice vector. The possible screw axis are: 21, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 61, 62, 63, 64, and 65. In Schoenflies notation, the symbol of a space group is represented by the symbol of corresponding point group with additional superscript. The superscript doesn't give any additional information about symmetry elements of the space group. It is related to the order in which Shoenflies derived space groups. In Fedorov symbol, the type of space group is denoted as ''s'' (''symmorphic'' ), ''h'' (''hemisymmorphic''), or ''a'' (''asymmorphic''). The number is related to the order in which Fedorov derived space groups. There are 73 symmorphic, 54 hemisymmorphic, and 103 asymmorphic space groups. Symmorphic space groups can be obtained as combination of Bravais lattices with corresponding point group. These groups contain the same symmetry elements as the corresponding point groups. Hemisymmorphic space groups contain only axial combination of symmetry elements from the corresponding point groups. All the other space groups are asymmorphic. Example for point group 4/mmm ($\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac$): the symmorphic space groups are P4/mmm ($P\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac$, ''36s'') and I4/mmm ($I\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac$, ''37s''); hemisymmorphic space groups should contain axial combination 422, these are P4/mcc ($P\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac$, ''35h''), P4/nbm ($P\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac$, ''36h''), P4/nnc ($P\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac$, ''37h''), and I4/mcm ($I\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac\backslash tfrac$, ''38h''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of space groups」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.